Dry eyes

Introduction

Some things I just know are going to happen each year – allergies in spring, glare in summer and night driving problems when the evenings draw in to name a few. Another is an all year-round problem that gets noticeably worse around November when the central heating is turned on – dry eyes. 

 

Causes of Dry Eyes 

Tears are essential as they help to lubricate and protect the eyes, remove foreign particles and debris, and maintain clear vision. Dryness occurs when something causes a reduction in the quantity or quality of the tears created.  

So, what causes this to happen? A few things, actually. As we get older, our eyes just don’t produce as many tears as they used to. But, that’s not the only cause. Environmental factors like windy, smoky, or dry environments can also make your tears evaporate too quickly, leaving your eyes parched. Medical conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, certain medications, and even wearing contact lenses for too long can cause dry eyes too. 

Computer use is a major culprit as it causes us to blink less and not “wash” tears across the eye so frequently. 

 

Symptoms of Dry Eyes 

The symptoms of dry eyes can vary but commonly include feeling like there is something in your eye, or like your eyes are dry or scratchy. The eyes may become slightly bloodshot, be more sensitive to light and vision may be a little blurred, especially when reading or using a computer. Not terrible but definitely uncomfortable. 

 

What can you do about it? 

I’m a firm believer in treating the cause of a problem, rather than just the symptoms. Okay, we can’t stop the ageing process but by keeping ourselves in the best shape we can with good diet and exercise will help. I have seen some success with clients trying supplements with omega 6 oil such as evening primrose oil.  

Take a look at what may be making the problem worse. If you’re on a screen all day then remember the 20/20/20 rule (link). In a windy or dusty environment then eyewear can be used to shield the eyes. A humidifier can help counter the effects of the central heating.  

I remember my nan placing a couple of bowls of water by the fire when it was on. Maybe she was on to something! 

 

If that’s not enough? 

Well, artificial tears gels are readily available. Different ones serve different functions so you need to know what is causing your dry eyes. Your optometrist should be able to help and advise you here. 

If the cause is meibomian gland dysfunction, then this can be treated by warming the eyelids and massaging them to clear the blocked ducts. Again, you need professional help to advise you on how to do this effectively but it can make a big difference. 

If you need more drastic action, then punctal plugs can be used to block the tear ducts. 

 

Conclusion 

Dry eyes can be a frustrating and uncomfortable condition, but with the right treatment, relief is possible. If you’re experiencing symptoms of dry eyes, talk to your doctor or optometrist to determine the cause and perhaps use the tips above to help reduce the effects. 

RNIB have some good advice about ocular dryness on their website

 

Bellamy Eyecare are opticians in Leicester and Irthlingborough. We are always pleased to help anybody who needs advice or help about eye care, designer glasses, orthokeratology or other eye related issues. Please feel free to get in touch if you need any advice.